A Psychological History of the German Film Essay - 2

A Psychological History of the German Film - Essay Example In any case, in the news inclusion, the goal of the film’s unique creators appeared to be twisted. In Wiene’s variant, the story is screened with Caligari to a greater extent a traditionalist as opposed to Janowitz’s and Mayer’s aim of depicting the film as a progressive one. Wiene’s rendition of the film Caligari uses pictorial introduction to exhibit the dreams of a psycho. The utilization of pictures bonds well with the crowd, who build up an away from of the foundation and signals utilized. The film is essentially a glaring articulation of mental issues. Caligari portrays how the film business has created from old periods. It utilizes movement pictorial introduction to pass on the topics secured to its crowd. Caligari depicts life in the midst of and after the war, showing the blunder of Hitler. The film covers the truth that the Germans had experienced during the war and the light of the scenes was to such an extent that it showed up soul-arranged. Caligari presents the development of film in the nineteenth century as new procedures rose.

Diana, Princess of Wales - Timeline of Events

Diana, Princess of Wales - Timeline of Events July 1, 1961 Diana Frances Spencer conceived in Norfolk, England 1967 Dianas guardians separated. Diana at first lived with her mom, and afterward her dad battled for and won authority. 1969 Dianas mother wedded Peter Shand Kydd. 1970 In the wake of being taught at home by guides, Diana was sent to Riddlesworth Hall, Norfolk, an all inclusive school 1972 Dianas father started a relationship with Raine Legge, Countess of Dartmouth, whose mother was Barbara Cartland, sentiment writer 1973 Diana started her training at the West Heath Girls School, Kent, a selective young ladies life experience school 1974 Diana moved to the Spencer family home in Althorp 1975 Dianas father acquired the title of Earl Spencer, and Diana picked up the title of Lady Diana 1976 Dianas father wedded Raine Legge 1977 Diana dropped out of West Girls Heath School; her dad sent her to a Swiss completing school, Chateau dOex, however she just remained a couple of months 1977 Sovereign Charles and Diana met in November when he was dating her sister, Lady Sarah; Diana instructed him to tap-move 1978 Diana went to a Swiss completing school, Institut Alpin Videmanette, for a term 1979 Diana moved to London, where she filled in as a maid, babysitter, and kindergarten educators assistant; she lived with three different young ladies in a three-room level bought by her dad 1980 On a visit to see her sister Jane, who was hitched to Robert Fellowes, an associate secretary to the Queen, Diana and Charles met once more; soon, Charles approached Diana for a date, and in November, he acquainted her with a few individuals from the regal family:â the Queen, the Queen Mother, and the Duke of Edinburgh (his mom, grandma, and father) February 3, 1981 Sovereign Charles proposed to Lady Diana Spencer at a supper for two at Buckingham Palace February 8, 1981 Woman Diana left for a formerly arranged excursion in Australia July 29, 1981 wedding of Lady Diana Spencer and Charles, Prince of Wales, at St. Pauls Cathedral; communicate around the world October 1981 the Prince and Princess of Wales visit Wales November 5, 1981 official declaration that Diana was pregnant June 21, 1982 Ruler William conceived (William Arthur Philip Louis) September 15, 1984 Ruler Harry conceived (Henry Charles Albert David) 1986 strains in the marriage started to be clear to the general population, Diana starts relationship with James Hewitt Walk 29, 1992 Dianas father kicked the bucket June 16, 1992 distribution of Mortons book Diana: Her True Story, including the account of Charles long issue with Camilla Parker Bowles and claims of five self destruction endeavors including once during Dianas first pregnancy; it later became obvious that Diana or if nothing else her family had helped out the writer, her dad contributing numerous family photos December 9, 1992 formal declaration of the lawful division of Diana and Charles December 3, 1993 declaration from Diana that she was pulling back from open life 1994 Sovereign Charles met by Jonathan Dimbleby, conceded he had a relationship with Camilla Parker Bowles since 1986 (later, it was addressed whether his fascination in her had been revived before) the British TV crowd was 14 million November 20, 1995 Princess Diana met by Martin Bashir on BBC, with 21.1 million crowd in Britain, uncovering her battles with sadness, bulimia, and self-mutilations; this meeting contained her line, Well, there were three of us in this marriage, so it was somewhat packed, alluding to her spouses relationship with Camilla Parker Bowles December 20, 1995 Buckingham Palace declared that the Queen had kept in touch with the Prince and Princess of Wales, with the support of the Prime Minister and Privy Counsel, encouraging them to separate February 29, 1996 Princess Diana reported shed consented to a separation July 1996 Diana and Charles consented to separate from terms August 28, 1996 separation of Diana, Princess of Wales, and Charles, Prince of Wales, last; Diana got about $23 million settlement in addition to $600,000 every year, held the title Princess of Wales yet not the title Her Royal Highness, kept on living at Kensington Palace; understanding was that the two guardians were to be dynamic in their childrens lives late 1996 Diana got engaged with the issue of landmines 1997 Nobel Peace Prize went to the International Campaign to Ban Landmines, for which Diana had worked and voyage June 29, 1997 Christies in New York sold 79 of Dianas evening outfits; continues of about $3.5 million went to disease and AIDS noble cause. 1997 connected impractically with 42-year-old Dodi Fayed, whose father, Mohammed al-Fayed, claimed Harrods Department Store and Paris Ritz Hotel August 31, 1997 Diana, Princess of Wales, kicked the bucket of wounds supported in an auto collision, in Paris, France September 6, 1997 Princess Dianas memorial service. She was covered at the Spencer home at Althorp, on an island in a lake.

Paper subject leadership and the topic about king abdullah the king of Research

Subject administration and the theme about lord abdullah the ruler of saudi arabia - Research Paper Example Saudi Arabia is one of the fortunate nations in the Middle East since it has gotten away from numerous tribulations that are ordinarily connected with different nations, for example, Afghanistan, Palestine and Iraq. Be that as it may, the nation isn't the place it is today through basic karma. A great part of the credit for getting where the nation is today goes to the pioneer himself, King Abdullah. It is difficult to discuss the all that King Abdullah has accomplished as a national and worldwide pioneer without addressing his administration characteristics (Sobhani 12). When King Abdullah went to the seat, he acquired a nation that was pointedly isolated into two between the extreme fundamentalists and liberal modernizers and reformists. Versatility/flexibilityis one of King Abdullah’s qualities that have seen him lead the Saudis to their current flourishing, in any event, when they are encircled by strategically and monetarily precarious economies. Ruler Abdullah had the op tion to adjust to the major development around him a reality that empowered him to keep his nation together (24). He was likewise ready to receive western innovation so as to upgrade the personal satisfaction of Saudis. The King adaptable nature has seen him upgrade the privileges of ladies and youngsters in a general public where ladies re not worth a lot (Reed and Lange 109). It is entirely expected to discover much of the time that ladies in the Arab world are typically compelled to assume a lower priority in each part of life. Be that as it may, because of the King’s adaptability and liberality, the ladies in Saudi Arabia can appreciate the equivalent previledges as men. This has seen numerous females gain admittance to training and political chances, something that was practically unfathomable previously (Reed and Lange 102). Any great head must chow confidence in all that he does. By being confident a pioneer can offer solid authority even despite hardships and changes. In a nation that has many desponded voices, a specific degree of emphatic initiative is important to guarantee that things don't bubble over to a level where it may get hard to contain. Lord Abdullah’s self-assuredness has empowered him to keep radicals, for example, Al-Qaeda and the Taliban outside his country’s outskirts. The king’s confident nature has likewise observed him approach the issue of advancement with a solid hand which has charmed him to his comrades and to the global network everywhere (Sobhani 33). In spite of the fact that he has opened up his nation to create utilizing western guide and innovation, King Abdullah ahs had the foreknowledge to be self sufficiently assured to hold the power of Saudi Arabia. Numerous Arab world nations have tumbled to the weights of the west because of frail initiative that is ordinarily without emphaticness. Lord Abdullah is additionally sacrificial and empathetic. He is one person who has the ability to set asid e his inclinations with the goal that he can serve others. At whatever point there is an issue in any of the neighboring nations, King Abdullah is ordinarily the first out there offering whatever sort of help is accessible at that point. Commonly, the lord has utilized his situation as the Saudi King to take part in helpful talks among distinction countries so as to achieve harmony and comprehension (Oxford Business Group 93). Lord Abdullah isn't a dictator King like many might want to accept. Since he went to the seat, Saudi Arabia has formed into one of the most dynamic majority rule governments in the Arab world

Life on Mars free essay sample

For quite a long time, planet Mars has been in the NASA spotlight. The Red Planet has been investigated as pictures, atmoshpere tests and tests of different surface developments have been gathered to proceed with inquire about in labortories here on Earth. The time of 1965 denoted the beginiing of the Mars Program, and since the time rocket conceived cameras, shuttle journeys, and other cutting edge innovations have been a piece of the investigations. The Mars Program has been committed to finding what the planet experienced since the begininning of its development just as all it brings to the table. Much discussion has been raised about whether the program ought to be proceeded and in the event that anything valuable could even come out of the examinations. Some contend that the subsidizing ought to be sliced and rather used to help soothe a bit of our countries obligation. Notwithstanding, what these pundits dont comprehend is that the Mars Program is set for answer a seemingly perpetual inquiry, Could the planet Mars continue life? The inquiry is mind boggling, yet it could prompt the appropriate response of whether of not the Red Planet could be the future for mankind. NASA has been cautiously directing investigations and investigations of Mars changes extra amounts of time to discover any indications of the presense of lifes necessities. These incorporate water, oxygen, and multicellular living beings. It is said that if any of these are discovered, Mars past can additionally be concentrated to check whether its current conditions can be our future. Presently, Earth is the main planet we are aware of that contains life and has the qualities need to continue it. Some have recommended the conceivable outcomes of different planets having the option to continue life and scientiests have been addressing information thorougly to test the odds of another wellspring of life on them. Maybe these planets or masses are outside our close planetary system. They could lie a large number of light years away on an alternate side of the universe. Be that as it may, Mars has been labled as a planned planet that could continue life. This hypothesis has been bolstered dependent on the information gathered during investigation missions. This information has permitted researchers and specialists to reason that the Red Planet, from numerous points of view, is like Earth. As recorded on www. defaces. jpl. nasa. gov, Like Earth, Mars has polar ice tops and mists in its air, regular climate designs, volcanoes, gorge, and other unmistakable highlights. In view of these similitudes, explicit investigations have been intended to additionally explore on the potential outcomes of life on Mars. Regardless, a few researchers have proposed their conviction that old or even present Mars perhaps had a presense of fluid or that it could be saved in the subsurface today. A few investigations have been led and revealed that the water on Mars seems to have been salty, subsequently, constraining its capacity to help life. As indicated by an article, Mars Water Appears To Have Been Too Salty To Support Life (www. sciencedaily. com), ptimism about the possibility of lifenow proposes the water was more probable a thick saline solution, unreasonably salty to help life as we probably am aware it. On Earth a lion's share of our water (the seas) is salt water. The thing that matters is that we likewise have huge regions of new water waterways, for example, the Great Lakes. People have frequently attempted to drink the water ever, anyway with a lot of salt focus in the water, the outcome has been disease and even demise. This is the equivalent for all vertebrates. Unadulterated water is the least that would be vital for life to be continued. As the water prospects is concentrated on Mars, researchers and scientists need to think about the properties of water. The recently refered to likewise states, Not all of Earths waters can bolster life, and the restrictions of earthbound life are forcefully characterized by waters temperature, causticity, and saltiness. Studies show that water was available on Mars conceivably billions of years prior, in any case, its saltiness usually wouldve exceded the levels wherein earthly life couldve been supported and flourished. Individuals have known for a long time that salt forestall microbial development. This investigation gives a lot of detail depicting what investigation missions should be looking for in the conceivable outcomes of water on Mars. Regardless of whether water is available, it might have a salt fixation at such a significant level, that particular types of life will most likely be unable to exist. Also, for life to exist the correct air must be available. Earth has an interesting air, for it is made out of different gases. The two significant gases present are oxygen and nitrogen. 78% of Earths air is nitrogen. This noteworthy gas is basic for life to exist, as it is the fundamental element for amino acids which make up protiens. Future missions have been intended to explicitly have instruments that can identify natural nitrogen. Researchers are persuaded that if theres life on Mars, it will contain nitrogen. (www. sciencedaily. com; Epic Search for Evidence of Life on Mars Heats Up With Focus On High-Tech Instruments). On the off chance that nitrogen is available in Mars environment, it will give a solid bit of proof to help the examination to answer the recommendation of life on the planet. Additionally, oxygen must be available for breath. In addition to the fact that mammals needs oxygen to inhale, yet plants do also. Oxygen is additionally present is our water. Just a little part of living things dont expect oxygen to life, and these are anaerobic living beings, for example, microscopic organisms. Most organims expect oxygen to live and can just endure a couple of moments without it. In the event that oxygen is found in climatic examples, researchers would have a response to how creatures could relax. By investigating the substance of the climate, the initial step can be brought in the separating of what a planet must have so as to continue life. Last however certaintly not least, when investigating Mars microrganisms ought to be looked carefully for. Microgranims are little one-celled life forms, infections, parasites, and microorganisms, and are found wherever on the planet. They are found in every living thing, plants and creature. (http://library. thinkquest. organization/CR0212089/micr. htm). In the event that life exists on Mars, at that point so will microrganisms. The catch to these life forms is that they can be found in various conditions, including salt water, customary water (unadulterated), and in all different organims. A specialist from the University of Arkansas directed an examination by developing methane-delivering microoggranims under a portion of the conditions found on Mars. Since Mars has such a virus surface tempurature, the life forms were developed in these extraordinary temperature ranges. The dirt in Mars has been found to impart attributes to debris from volcanoes, so debris just as carbon dioxide, hydrogen, and water were utilized while developing these organisms. The aftereffects of the trial were fruitful! The methanogens developed effectively in the Mars soil simulant, acquiring all the large scale and follow minerals they expected to endure. (Microbes Grown in Simulated Martian Condition; www. sciencedaily. om) Furthering the analysis, it was additionally discovered that these microorganisms had the option to became even with a restricted water flexibly in different water substance that could be found on Mars. From the information gathered for the trial, it is conceivable to reason that it is conceivable to discover microorganims on Mars. The inquiry is, the place right? Or then again would they say they are even present? Today, researchers are coming nearer to finding the appropriate responses they have been aching for and are finding that a one time during the planets history, some type of life was in all probability present. This could imply that microorganims are standing by to be found. On the off chance that the water or soil was tried and this life form was discovered, the response to life on Mars would be replied. These little creatures are an essential unit of life and can make due among the most extraordinary climate conditions. During investigations and test testing in labs, researchers need to thorougly scan for microoganims. In the event that they are available, so may different types of life. The Mars Program is frantically scanning for answers to their inquiries. Billions of dollars have been spent and a huge number of new technologic advancments have been made to test the potential outcomes of life on Mars. Missions have been explicitly intended to proceed with the pursuit and they wont be surrendering at any point in the near future. The future at NASA as of now has been arranged out with more missions to arrive on the Red Planet. During every investigation specific signs can be found to recognize life. The dissecting of water, the air, and the hunt of microorganims can give the appropriate responses they have been yearning for since 1965. The present information is continually tried just as the new. Jeffrey Bada, Ph. D. expressed, most importantly if life is out there, the innovative instruments of science will discover it at some point or another. It unquestionably is beginning to look like there might be something alive out there some place, with Mars being the most open spot to look. Scienists believe in their pursuit and investigation structures. You never know, if even the littlest type of life is discovered, Mars might be the fate of mankind.

Analysing advertisement form a sociological and marketing perspective Essay

Breaking down notice structure a sociological and showcasing point of view - Essay Example They convey class, character and taste. The Guinness ad shows ostensive correspondence due to it plans the crowd to make individual ends. This implies the ad accomplished in the improvement of ostensive boosts. The point of ostensive correspondence is for the communicator to educate the crowd about the useful goals, notwithstanding the open expectation (Scott-Philip, 2014). The air pockets brought about by the water wave in the Guinness ad imitates the air pockets shaped when the lager is poured in a glass. Mirroring the air pockets produces logical suspicions, which drives a crowd of people to make ends. On account of the Carlsberg ad, the item is introduced in contrast with a banana. The commercial means the crowd to make an end on whether the lager is the best on the planet. This is ostensive in light of the aim for the crowd to make ends dependent on the item. The notice accomplished the educational expectation since it had an aim of advising the crowd about something. Ostensive correspondence is unmistakable in light of the fact that it includes additional layers of correspondence goals, which educate a crowd of people about enlightening aims. This varies from the incognito method of passing on data, which isn't show. This type of correspondence requires a person to draw inductions. Inductions in clandestine correspondence are less controllable. This implies the peruser is presented to control (Anisoara, 2008, p. 1). The Guinness ad utilizes secret correspondence. The purchaser is controlled to imagine that the lager is exceptional to different lagers. The achievement of the notice is reliant on the audience’s capacity to perceive the goals of the sponsor. Secret correspondence depends on the propensity of the sponsor to amplify pertinence. This builds the likelihood to control or foresee

Drinking Our Own Champagne

Drinking Our Own Champagne Originally known as Eating your own dog food, Drinking your own champagne is a slang term first used in 2007 by Pegasystems’ CIO, Jo Hoppe, which describes the practice of a company using its own products, either to test drive it before the release or to show confidence in it. Well, we at MindMeister have another reason to use our own product, and that is: We actually really like it. From development  to sales,  every department and every employee actively uses MindMeister. Together, we own about 300 active mind maps, which we use to collect ideas, improve our tool, work on projects or plan company getaways. Now, 300 might not sound like much, but again, those are just our active maps. Don’t get us started on the 9.8 K we’ve got archived … We figured some of you might be interested in taking a look behind the scenes, so we’ve put together a short customer success  story about one of MindMeister’s best customers: the MindMeister team. How MindMeister Uses MindMeister Development “Whenever we start working on a new version of MindMeister, the first thing we do is create a road map for it, explains Laura, one of MindMeisters senior developers. The entire development team as well as management are involved in the initial brainstorming sessions. We note what we want the new version to include and everyone can contribute their ideas. After sorting through everything and eliminating what we decide against, we structure our map and set priorities for features and bug fixes. Every bigger project basically gets its own mind map. For the release of MindMeister 9 for instance were using a pretty big map to guide us through the entire testing process. Every bug and its priority are duly noted there and whoever is assigned  a task subsequently notes their progress in fixing it. It’s important for us to continually use MindMeister in order to experience first-hand what our users are experiencing. It helps us to focus on what’s important and often leads us to problems before any of our users are being affected.” Marketing “Basically, all our marketing activities are outlined in a collection of about ten mind maps, which are shared with all members of the marketing department as well as our analytics and sales managers, and of course management. There is one index map, which provides an overview of the various sub maps which hold more detailed information. Those include plans for SEO and advertisements, PR, business development, content and community, among others. At the beginning of each year, we work together to update the maps and identify new goals and priorities for the following twelve months. Specific projects are defined, mapped out and again linked to their respective sub maps. Beside this big map structure, I also create individual mind maps to outline articles for the blog, decide on the contents of our newsletters, and structure press releases. Sometimes, those maps are extremely rough, more a collection of thoughts, topics and links than anything else. Other times I  just keep adding details, writing down keywords and whole phrases until I have a fully developed text. In that case I just export the whole map as a Word document and then take it form there.” Analytics “I create a new map for myself every year. I start with the most important thing, which are the goals I want to achieve. On the opposite side of my map, I create a topic for ‘Projects Experiments’, which is where I list the various projects I plan to realize in order to reach the stated goals. Projects are marked with colored flags and often feature deadlines, notes and links to my research. As soon as I’ve completed a project or implemented a new idea, I drag it to my ‘Accomplished’ topic. From there, I can easily retrieve it, create a presentation with it or export it to a Word document to turn it into a report.” Business Development Partner Management “When managing our various partners around the world there are many different aspects to what they need and when it’s needed, explains Richard, MindMeisters partner manager. It’s very important for me to stay on top of everything and to respond to requests as quickly as possible. For managing our partners I have one main mind map in which I have each partner listed on level 1 nodes. Under each partner I have contact details, notes, next steps and reminders for milestones. Another map we use a lot, which is similar to the Partner Management map, is called New Business Development, in this map we track each stage of the process of building relationships with new strategic partners. Everything from initial contact to assigning tasks is recorded in this map. Again we also have next steps and contact details, but it is also used to schedule meetings, assign tasks and attach files. Being able to attach files is great, it gives us easy access to NDAs and contracts when working in the map. Having all this information in mind maps makes it really easy to share and report to management. They can just open the mind map to see the current status of each ongoing project and also see what stage we are at with securing new partnerships. These mind maps are also used to host our weekly update meetings, the three of us involved in sales and business development open the mind map in Google Hangouts and easily run through everything from the previous week.” Management “Firstly, all important maps from the various departments are shared with us, says MindMeisters co-founder and managing director, Michael. This way, we can effortlessly keep an eye on developments and give our input whenever the need arises. We regularly take part in real-time brainstorming sessions with our employees, for this is how some of our best ideas are born. It’s also how MindMeister came into existence in the first place.  A few years ago, we were using Google’s Writely (which would eventually become Google Docs) to collaborate on projects, while using MindManager to brainstorm ideas and organize meetings. We realized how much more efficient we could be with a tool that combined Writely’s collaboration features with a mapping format such as MindManager’s, and decided to realize this tool ourselves. Even if nobody else would find it useful, we knew at least we would.   After brainstorming, collaborating and structuring your content, presenting it is the next logical step, which is why we later added presentation mode as the third crucial component of MindMeister. Since its release, we’ve been using the feature for all our presentations in and outside the office. We employ it at conferences, like we did at the last Biggerplate Unplugged in Utrecht, present our efforts to our investors and use it as a visual aid for all sorts of in-office meetings.” Private Usage Besides including MindMeister in our workflow at the office, almost all of us also use the tool for private purposes. We plan our trips and parties, summarize books and other interesting material and create shopping lists. One of our developers organized his move with MindMeister last year and Richard from our business development team is currently planning his wedding with the tool. We outline essays and short stories, make wish lists for christmas, collect our favorite recipes, and much more. Were sure that whoever uses our tool will like it not because we’re cocky, but because we truly do. Have a Glass of Our Champagne!

Public Speaking and Fear - Free Essay Example

Public speaking is the act of delivering a structured talk to a live audience with the aim of informing, persuasion or entertainment. This is tough and many people often freeze on stage or refuse to get on stage altogether. Overcoming this fear and mastering the skills of public speaking can however elevate a person to high heights. Throughout history, good orators have always been a source of inspiration and have always been held in high esteem. One of the most respected public speakers of all time was Dr. Martin Luther King Jr (MLK), an unrelenting force behind the struggle for civil rights for African Americans. By being one of history’s best orators he had a national holiday named after his momentous efforts. His most famous speech ‘I Have Dream’ still carries on his legacy 50 years on. In this speech, MLK embodies all the characteristics of a good public speaker. The determining traits of a good public speaker are evident in MLK’s speeches. Confidence Confidence is the most important trait for a good public speaker because it makes one sound more intelligent and seem more credible (Khoury, 2018). This sense of credibility will ensure that people can believe you and follow you. Talking to a large group of people is not easy and nervousness is natural. Mark Twain said â€Å"There are only two types of speakers in the world, the nervous and the liars.†, but great orators have mastered the art of hiding this fact. The audience should never see the speaker sweat because confidence translates from the speaker to the audience. When MLK spoke to the 250,000 people at the Lincoln Memorial he must have been nervous, but looking at him you couldn’t tell. He didn’t shift about, stammer or lick his lips in nervousness, he exuded absolute confidence and it translated to his audience who believed in the cause. No one would have wanted to be led by someone who sounded unconfident. Passion To be able to move a crowd to your viewpoint, the particular subject you’re discussing should exhilarate you enough to create sincere emotion. This emotion captures the audience and help drives home the message. Passionate speakers are able to harness their passion and share their enthusiasm with their audience. These speakers are charismatic and dynamic, changing their speech delivery in reaction to the audience. MLK was passionate about the rights of equality regardless of people’s skin color and this burning passion is what drove him. This passion meant he delivered powerful speeches that his audiences could relate to. MLK was so passionate about his cause that he didn’t care about all the turmoil and whether he made it to the ‘Promised Land’ so long as his people did. Even imprisonment did not change his drive. Authenticity An audience is always on the lookout for credibility and sincerity of a speaker, therefore being yourself on stage is imperative. Learning about how other speakers present themselves is important but one should always stay true to themselves, acknowledged their strengths and work on their weaknesses. Trying to sound like other speakers will discourage audiences from believing you. Speaking in a natural voice is important to show authenticity (Khoury, 2018). In all of MLKs speeches, he talked in his conversational voice and even though there were modulations where he increased his speed or volume in reaction to the crowd he maintained his natural voice. The changes were mainly in the speeches climax to leave a lasting impression on his audience. Practice Mastering any craft requires practice. In order to educate others one must know their content well enough and this can only be achieved through practice. Practicing the speeches and refining the content will also help boost confidence of a speaker. Practice does not mean memorizing speeches, it is about being comfortable with the content enough to be able to improvise or manipulate it for different audiences (Khoury, 2018). ‘I Have a Dream’ may be MLK’s most famous speech but some of the content he talked about can be found in his earlier speeches. He made around 300 speeches in a year and this shows that he had practiced his art. Some speakers are afraid of repeating their content in fear of sounding boring but this is a very effective way of ensuring that an audience grasps the main idea behind a speech. Repeating the important message that resonate with the audience drives the point home (Khoury, 2018). MLK repeated the phrase ‘I Have a Dream’ multiple times to capture his audience and relay his message. He also repeated the fact that they would not be satisfied until justice was served. The aim of public speaking is connecting with the audience to achieve a certain goal. Therefore if a speaker fails to achieve a connection they have failed. People have a short concentration span and therefore speeches should be short and to the point to avoid boredom (Khoury, 2018). A personal touch and humor is a good way to engage with the audience. MLK used some subtle humor such as his quip about ‘Insufficient justice funds cheque’ that resonated well with the crowd. He also used a personal touch when he talked about his four children being judged by their character and not their skin color. Pauses in the right places for dramatic purposes allows the audience to react and the message to sink in is another important trait of a good speaker. MLK had mastered this art that made him in tune with the crowd and it moved them to act. Not all people can speak as well as MLK but anyone can cultivate the above skills to become accomplished orators in their own respect. Learning from the best is encouraged to improve but one should not copy or imitate them. They should take these good qualities and use them to harness their own strengths and create their own signature using messages they believe in. Reference Khoury, P. (2018). The Top 9 Characteristics of Effective Public Speakers Magnetic Speaking. Retrieved from https://magneticspeaking.com/the-top-9-characteristics-of-effective- public-speakers/